Status Epilepticus: The Daily PANCE Blueprint
Which of the following is the first-line pharmacological agent for status epilepticus?
A. Lorazepam
B. Keppra
C. Phenytoin
D. Phenobarbital
E. Valproic acid
Answer and topic summary
The answer is A. Lorazepam
Status epilepticus is defined as >5 minutes of continuous seizures or > 2 discrete seizures between which there is incomplete recovery of consciousness. The majority of episodes of status epilepticus in adults are either due to a brain tumor/lesion or a toxic/metabolic disturbance (e.g., alcohol withdrawal, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, etc.). Immediate management of status epilepticus includes stabilizing and supporting the airway, placing pulse oximetry and cardiorespiratory monitors, establishing IV/IO access, obtaining a glucose level, and ordering other laboratory tests (electrolytes, toxicology, CBC, etc.). The first line pharmacological agent given is a benzodiazepine (e.g., lorazepam or diazepam). Keppra, valproate, or other antiseizure medications can also be administered.
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Smarty PANCE Content Blueprint Review:
Covered under ⇒ PANCE Blueprint Neurology ⇒ ⇒
Also covered as part of the Internal Medicine EOR and Emergency Medicine EOR topic list
