Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): The Daily PANCE Blueprint
Which of the following is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease?
A. Smoking
B. Diabetes
C. Hypertension
D. Diet
E. Autoimmune diseases
Answer and topic summary
The answer is B. Diabetes
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as abnormal kidney structure/function lasting more than 3 months. The two most common risk factors are diabetes (MCC) and hypertension. Clinical features include fatigue, dry/itchy skin, poor appetite, anemia, acidosis, proteinuria, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Screening for CKD includes measurement of serum creatinine, estimating GFR, measuring the urine albumin/creatinine ratio, and obtaining a urinalysis. Management includes chronic ACEI/ARB, blood pressure control, strict glucose control, and weight loss.
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Smarty PANCE Content Blueprint Review:
Covered under ⇒ PANCE Blueprint Renal System ⇒
