Neurodevelopmental disorders: The Daily PANCE Blueprint

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Neurodevelopmental disorders: The Daily PANCE Blueprint

A 7-year-old male is brought to the pediatric clinic by his father for his annual well-child check. The father admits that he is worried about his son and some of his behaviors. The father says the child does not show emotion, fails to interact with kids at school, and makes poor eye contact. He also spends hours and hours stacking colored blocks. The teacher has reached out to the child’s parents with concerns as well. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Conduct disorder
B. Oppositional defiant disorder
C. Social anxiety
D. Autism spectrum disorder
E. Normal behavior

Answer and topic summary

The answer is D. Autism spectrum disorder

Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopment disorder. It is defined by impairment in communication and social interaction, as well as by repetitive behaviors/activities. There is a strong genetic component. Diagnosis is made via the DSM-V criteria. Clinical features may include failure of normal conversation, reduced sharing of interests/emotions, poor eye contact, inability to understand body language, lack of facial expression, repetitive motor movements, rigid thinking, abnormal attachments, etc. Treatment includes early intervention with a multi-disciplinary management team (e.g., social worker genetics, psychologist, developmental pediatrician, teachers, etc), adequate family support, counseling, and pharmacotherapy if needed (SSRIs for anxiety, anti-psychotics for self-injury or aggression or irritation, etc).

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Smarty PANCE Content Blueprint Review:

Covered under ⇒ PANCE Blueprint Psychiatry ⇒ Neurodevelopmental disorders ⇒ Autism spectrum disorder

Also covered as part of the Pediatric EOR and Psychiatry EOR topic lists

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