The NCCPA™ PANCE Pulmonary Content Blueprint classifies five types of pulmonary disease as "other"
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Etiology: Sepsis, severe trauma, aspiration of gastric contents, near drowning Presentation:
Diagnostic studies: Chest radiograph: air bronchograms and bilaterally fluffy infiltrate Normal BNP, pulmonary wedge pressure, left ventricle function and echocardiogram Treatment: Underlying cause and intubation positive pressure oxygen |
| Asthma (ReelDx) | Presentation: Most often young patients present with wheezing and dyspnea often associated with illness, exercise and allergic triggers
Diagnosis and monitor with peak flow. PFT's: Greater than 12% increase in FEV1 after bronchodilator therapy
Treatment guidelines: Mild Intermittent: Less than 2 times per week or 3-night symptoms per month
Mild Persistent: More than 2 times per week or 3-4 night symptoms per month
Moderate Persistent: Daily symptoms or more than 1 nightly episode per week
Severe Persistent: Symptoms several times per day and nightly
Acute treatment: Oxygen, nebulized SABA, ipratropium bromide, and oral corticosteroids Making Sense of Forced Vital Capacity
|
| Cystic fibrosis | Etiology: Autosomal recessive mutation in CFTR gene
Presentation: Recurrent respiratory infections (especially Pseudomonas), steatorrhea Diagnosis: Quantitative sweat chloride test CXR may reveal hyperinflation, mucus plugging, and focal atelectasis Treatment:
|
| Foreign body aspiration | Presentation (depends on the location of obstruction)
Complications: Pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, asphyxia Treatment: Remove foreign body with a bronchoscope |
| Hyaline membrane disease | Etiology: Insufficient surfactant
Treatment: Ventilation and steroids |
| Bronchiectasis | Plate-like atelectasis seen with bronchiectasisEtiology: ½ of cases are due to cystic fibrosis
Treatment: Chest physiotherapy and antibiotics for acute exacerbations |
