The NCCPA™ PANCE Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat Content Blueprint eye disorders ⇒ lid disorders
| Blepharitis | Patient will present as → a 34-year-old female with crusting, scaling, red-rimming of the eyelid, and eyelash flaking along with dry eyes. The patient has a history of seborrhea and rosacea. Eyelid changes: crusting, scaling, red-rimming of the eyelid, and eyelash flaking along with dry eyes and associated seborrhea and rosacea DX: Diagnosis is usually by slit-lamp examination
TX: Warm compresses, irrigation, lid massage, and topical antibiotics for flare-ups
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| Chalazion | Patient will present as → a 52-year-old male with a foreign-body sensation in the right eye. Over the last 3 weeks, he has had gradually increasing painless swelling around the right lower eyelid. Your examination shows a nontender discrete nodule on the right lower eyelid. There is no evidence of injection or discharge, and her visual acuity is normal. A chalazion is a sterile, painless (non-infectious) granuloma of the internal meibomian sebaceous gland, a painless "cold" lid nodule DX: Diagnosis is clinical
TX: Warm compresses and eyelid hygiene
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| Ectropion | Patient will present as → a 72-year-old with complaints of dry eyes coupled with excessive tearing. On exam, the conjunctiva appears red, and the left eyelid is turned outward. Ectropion (eversion of the eyelid) occurs when the eyelid turns outward, exposing the palpebral conjunctiva. The conjunctiva will appear red from air exposure and inflammation. DX: Diagnosis is clinical (the eyelid turns out) TX: Tear supplements and ocular lubricants at night
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| Entropion | Patient will present as → a 75-year-old with a foreign body sensation and tearing of his right eye. On physical exam, you note a red, irritated right eye in association with an inverted eyelid. Entropion (inversion of an eyelid) occurs when the eyelid turns inward. It is most commonly caused by age-related tissue relaxation DX: Diagnosis is clinical (eyelids turn in) TX: Tear supplements and ocular lubricants at night
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| Hordeolum (stye) (ReelDx) | ReelDx Virtual Rounds (Hordeolum )Patient will present as → a 15-year-old male with pain, redness, and swelling of the upper eyelid for the last 3 days. There are no visual changes or photophobia. Examination reveals a tender, erythematous, and outward-pointing edema of the right eyelid. Painful, warm (hot), swollen red lump on the eyelid (different from a chalazion, which is painless)
DX: The diagnosis is clinical TX: Warm compress and topical antibiotics
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